{"id":7617,"date":"2023-09-12T11:30:29","date_gmt":"2023-09-12T09:30:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/gravida.com\/?post_type=blog&p=7617"},"modified":"2025-06-19T22:25:33","modified_gmt":"2025-06-19T20:25:33","slug":"endometriosi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/gravida.com\/ca\/blog\/endometriosi\/","title":{"rendered":"Endometriosi. Causes, s\u00edmptomes i tractament"},"content":{"rendered":"

L\u2019endometriosi \u00e9s una malaltia que pot afectar de forma severa la capacitat reproductiva de la dona<\/strong>. A m\u00e9s, pot comportar s\u00edmptomes dolorosos i molestos que disminueixen la qualitat de vida.<\/p>\n

Hem elaborat aquesta guia per a que comprenguis de forma m\u00e9s detallada com s\u2019origina i evoluciona aquesta malaltia. A m\u00e9s, et mostrem els tractaments que s\u2019utilitzen amb m\u00e9s freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia per a revertir el seu avan\u00e7ament o reduir-la.<\/p>\n

Veur\u00e0s com els professionals m\u00e8dics diagnostiquen la seva pres\u00e8ncia i elaboren un pla per a minimitzar els seus efectes en el teu organisme.<\/p>\n

Qu\u00e8 \u00e9s l\u2019endometriosi?<\/h3>\n

Es tracta del creixement i desenvolupament de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules endometrials a l\u2019exterior de l\u2019\u00fater, en \u00e0rees i \u00f2rgans adjacents. De forma natural, l\u2019aparell reproductor femen\u00ed completa 1 cicle menstrual que comen\u00e7a per l\u2019engruiximent de l\u2019endometri i finalitza amb l\u2019expulsi\u00f3 o menstruaci\u00f3.<\/p>\n

En algunes dones, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules que haurien de cr\u00e9ixer i desenvolupar-se en el recobriment intern de l\u2019\u00fater, ho fan fora d\u2019aquest. Es tracta d\u2019una condici\u00f3 dolorosa i molt molesta que pot desencadenar en problemes de infertilitat i per\u00edodes abundants i molestos.<\/p>\n

Igual que ocorre a l\u2019interior de l\u2019\u00fater, les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules endometrials moren i s\u00f3n expulsades a trav\u00e9s d\u2019hemorr\u00e0gia o sagnat. No obstant, en el cas de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules que creixen irregularment fora de l\u2019\u00fater, no existeix un m\u00e8tode natural d\u2019expulsi\u00f3. Aquestes hemorr\u00e0gies sense sortida causen dolors intensos i co\u00e0guls interns que poden esdevenir molt molestos.<\/p>\n

S\u00edmptomes<\/h3>\n

L\u2019endometriosi ve acompanyada de s\u00edmptomes molt particulars, fet que la fa molt not\u00f2ria. Els m\u00e9s comuns s\u00f3n:<\/p>\n

    \n
  • Dolor p\u00e8lvic intens:<\/strong> El dolor a la zona p\u00e8lvica pot ser agut e intens, fins i tot quan no estiguis en els dies de menstruaci\u00f3.<\/li>\n
  • Dolor menstrual m\u00e9s fort de l\u2019habitual:<\/strong> Durant la menstruaci\u00f3 el dolor esdev\u00e9 m\u00e9s intens i prolongat.<\/li>\n
  • Hemorr\u00e0gies excessives:<\/strong> Pot notar-se un sagnat m\u00e9s abundant de lo normal i en dates inesperades.<\/li>\n
  • N\u00e0usees i esgotament:<\/strong> La teva condici\u00f3 f\u00edsica pot veure\u2019s afectada, patint cansament excessiu i poc habitual. Tamb\u00e9 \u00e9s com\u00fa la pres\u00e8ncia de n\u00e0usees freq\u00fcents.<\/li>\n
  • Inestabilitat emocional:<\/strong> L\u2019estat d\u2019\u00e0nim tendir\u00e0 a desmillorar, veient-se aix\u00ed afectat el pla emocional a trav\u00e9s de quadres depressius.<\/li>\n
  • Infertilitat:<\/strong> La capacitat per a la fecundaci\u00f3 i implantaci\u00f3 de l\u2019embri\u00f3 a l\u2019endometri disminueix. Aix\u00f2 \u00e9s degut a que gran part de les c\u00e8l\u00b7lules endometrials no creixen dins l\u2019\u00fater, sin\u00f3 en d\u2019altres \u00e0rees.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

    Conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies de l\u2019endometriosi<\/h3>\n

    L\u2019endometriosi no nom\u00e9s provoca mol\u00e8sties puntuals a partir de la seva aparici\u00f3. Si no \u00e9s tractada oportunament, pot originar una s\u00e8rie de conseq\u00fc\u00e8ncies preocupants per a la teva salut i fertilitat. Veiem de qu\u00e8 es tracta<\/strong>:<\/p>\n

      \n
    • Formaci\u00f3 de quists:<\/strong> En algunes ocasions, l\u2019endometriosi pot donar lloc a quists en l\u2019\u00e0rea dels ovaris, denominats endometriomes.<\/li>\n
    • Desenvolupament de teixit cicatricial:<\/strong> L\u2019acumulaci\u00f3 de sang en \u00e0rees abdominals propicia l\u2019aparici\u00f3 de teixit cicatricial.<\/li>\n
    • Adher\u00e8ncies entre \u00f2rgans:<\/strong> El teixit cicatricial dona lloc a l\u2019adher\u00e8ncia entre \u00f2rgans, que posteriorment necessitar\u00e0 de cirurgia per la seva correcci\u00f3.<\/li>\n
    • Disminuci\u00f3 de la capacitat reproductiva de la dona<\/strong>: L\u2019endometriosi pot afectar de manera severa la capacitat reproductiva de la dona ja que canvia l\u2019entorn hormonal dels \u00f2vuls, perjudica l\u2019implantaci\u00f3 i altera la qualitat de l\u2019\u00f2vul.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      Per qu\u00e8 s\u2019origina l\u2019endometriosi?<\/h3>\n

      Les investigacions no han donat amb una causa precisa per la qual es pugui originar aquesta malaltia. No obstant, una de les causes o predisposicions que es tenen m\u00e9s en compte \u00e9s el factor<\/strong> hereditari. <\/strong><\/p>\n

      Son m\u00e9s freq\u00fcents els casos de dones amb endometriosis quan la seva mare o algun familiar proper han patit aquesta condici\u00f3.<\/p>\n

      Un altre element que pot incrementar la probabilitat de patir aquesta malaltia \u00e9s el factor hormonal<\/strong>. Una particularitat anomenada \u201cflux retr\u00f2grad\u201d<\/strong>, tamb\u00e9 s\u2019associa de fora directa amb l\u2019endometriosi. Consisteix en l\u2019ascens de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules del revestiment de l\u2019\u00fater cap als ovaris, el que propicia el creixement de teixit endometrial fora del seu lloc habitual.<\/p>\n

      Algunes investigacions apunten a un descontrol o desproporci\u00f3<\/strong> en el sistema immunitari de moltes dones. El sistema immunitari hauria, de forma natural, combatre la formaci\u00f3 d\u2019aquest tipus de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules en els \u00f2rgans adjacents a l\u2019\u00fater. No obstant, en algunes dones el sistema de defensa falla, permetent que es desenvolupi l\u2019endometriosi.<\/p>\n

      Amb quina freq\u00fc\u00e8ncia ocorre l\u2019endometriosi?<\/h3>\n

      Tot i que \u00e9s una malaltia de la que se sent parlar poc, la seva ocurr\u00e8ncia \u00e9s m\u00e9s freq\u00fcent del que es pensa. Un 10% de les dones solen desenvolupar endometriosi<\/strong> en alguna etapa de la seva vida.<\/p>\n

      En la majoria de casos, aquesta malaltia es comen\u00e7a a manifestar des de l\u2019adolesc\u00e8ncia. Per\u00f2 sol ser diagnosticada en edats adultes, de manera que moltes vegades ja s\u2019han desenvolupat complicacions majors. <\/strong><\/p>\n

      Com \u00e9s possible diagnosticar l\u2019 endometriosi?<\/h3>\n

      El professional m\u00e8dic podr\u00e0 diagnosticar de manera eficient la pres\u00e8ncia d\u2019endometriosi a partir de diferents factors indicatius. La simptomatologia de la pacient pot ser el punt de partida per al diagn\u00f2stic.<\/p>\n

      Una ecografia pot donar indicis certs <\/strong>de la pres\u00e8ncia de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules uterines en d\u2019altres zones de la pelvis i de l\u2019abdomen. De ser necessari, el metge far\u00e0 una observaci\u00f3 directa per laparosc\u00f2pia<\/strong>, per tal d\u2019observar la formaci\u00f3 de teixit endometrial en aquesta \u00e0rea. Fins i tot, pot recomanar una bi\u00f2psia<\/strong> per una evaluaci\u00f3 m\u00e9s detallada d\u2019aquests teixits.<\/p>\n

      Tractament<\/h3>\n

      Per sort, existeixen alternatives per tractar de forma adequada l\u2019endometriosi. Una d\u2019elles consisteix en una ter\u00e0pia farmacol\u00f2gica<\/strong> de supressi\u00f3 de les hormones que estimulen el creixement de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules endometrials. Tamb\u00e9 es recorre a la cirurgia<\/strong> si la formaci\u00f3 de teixit a l\u2019exterior de l\u2019\u00fater \u00e9s molt \u00e0mplia i ha generat la uni\u00f3 de diferents \u00f2rgans.<\/p>\n

      Ter\u00e0pia farmacol\u00f2gica<\/strong><\/h4>\n

      Es basa en un tractament dirigit a disminuir les mol\u00e8sties causades pel dolor i la inflamaci\u00f3 a la zona. Al mateix temps, es suprimeix la funci\u00f3 ov\u00e0rica. Aix\u00ed s\u2019atura per complet la producci\u00f3 de c\u00e8l\u00b7lules endometrials, tant a l\u2019\u00fater com fora d\u2019aquest.<\/p>\n

      El metge recomanar\u00e0 la supressi\u00f3 de la producci\u00f3 de l\u2019endometri<\/strong> fins a poder regular la c\u00e0rrega hormonal que permeti a la dona retornar a la normalitat. Alguns anticonceptius combinats poden ser un tractament efectiu per eliminar la malaltia, o atenuar \u00e0mpliament la seva evoluci\u00f3.<\/p>\n

      En cas que la doni presenti una reacci\u00f3 adversa als anticonceptius, pot iniciar-se una ter\u00e0pia hormonal diferent.<\/p>\n

      Cirurgia<\/strong><\/h4>\n

      La cirurgia ser\u00e0 necess\u00e0ria quan els teixits que s\u2019han format han generat la uni\u00f3 entre alguns \u00f2rgans, o quan sigui molt complicada la seva remoci\u00f3 per d\u2019altres vies. Es necessita, doncs, procedir a l\u2019extirpaci\u00f3 d\u2019aquests teixits, habitualment por laparosc\u00f2pia<\/strong>. Aquest procediment \u00e9s relativament senzill, i no planteja un risc major.<\/p>\n

      Si la formaci\u00f3 de teixits ha donat lloc a complicacions majors, llavors el teu professional de la salut pot recomanar-te una histerectomia. Aquesta cirurgia planteja l\u2019eliminaci\u00f3 de tot el teixit endometrial extern, i en la majoria de casos no ser\u00e0 necess\u00e0ria l\u2019eliminaci\u00f3 de l\u2019\u00fater o de ningun \u00f2rgan reproductiu.<\/p>\n

      Hem arribat al final d\u2019aquesta guia explicativa sobre l\u2019endometriosi i les seves implicacions<\/strong>. No deixis de consultar al teu metge de confian\u00e7a per a que puguis rebre el tractament m\u00e9s adient.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      L\u2019endometriosi \u00e9s una malaltia que pot afectar de forma severa la capacitat reproductiva de la dona. A m\u00e9s, pot comportar s\u00edmptomes dolorosos i molestos que disminueixen la qualitat de vida. Hem elaborat aquesta guia per a que comprenguis de forma m\u00e9s detallada com s\u2019origina i evoluciona aquesta malaltia. A m\u00e9s, et mostrem els tractaments que […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":7517,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[122,123],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-7617","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-infertilidad-femenina","category-informacion-cientifica"],"yoast_head":"\nEndometriosi. 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